Religion and astronomy have long coexisted, particularly in the field’s early years. According to one of the famous astrologer in Canada, archaeological evidence from many ancient cultures indicates that celestial bodies were worshiped during the Stone Age and Bronze Age. Northern European amulets and stone walls represent a collection of constellations corresponding to historical locations, especially the polar constellations. These can be dated between 30,000 and 40,000 years.
The Greek astronomer Anaxagoras initially noted the conflict between astronomy and theological orthodoxy. We believed that evolution produced the celestial bodies and that the earth would eventually have flaming feet (instead of the God Helios). He was charged with disregarding accepted religious doctrine. Despite his acquittal, he was forced to retire.
During the Renaissance, as science progressed, the secular ideals of scientists ran into the hostility of Christian orthodoxy. The most well-known conflict involved Galileo Galilei, who was persecuted by the Inquisition after being charged with heresy. However, many astronomers were devout believers who found it difficult to reconcile their beliefs with what they discovered after the invention of telescopes.
Heliocentrism and Geocentrism
According to the heliocentrism theory, the Sun sits at the center of the cosmos and revolves around it. With the Sun at its core and all other planets circling it, the earth is the center of the universe, according to a renowned astrologer in Toronto, who challenges the geocentric theory.
Plato, Aristotle, Ptolemy, and other astronomers of their era held the heliocentric paradigm in high regard. The astronomy and theological ideas of the period served as the foundation for this idea. Another hypothesis with the Sun as the center of the universe was put out by Nicolaus Copernicus and was given the names Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler by astronomers.
The model is also based on observations such as the use of recently developed telescopes and various mathematical observations that lead to elliptical orbits. These astronomers were harshly condemned by the Catholic Church and the people around them since their cultural hegemony did not accept their models at the time.
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The Bible contests the earth’s rotation around the Sun, claims Tamaso Cassini. God’s blocking of the light for Joshua in Joshua 10 serves as an illustration of this. It was also said that since God places his most incredible creation at the center of the universe, the earth’s distance from the center diminishes the magnificence of God’s creation.
Galileo and Religion
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Galileo’s Sidereus Nuncius, published in 1610 and sanctioned by the clergy, attracted much attention. This text describes observations made by these telescopes, including descriptions of Jupiter’s moons and lunar highlands.
By 1616, the clergy, popularly known as the Inquisition, condemned the Copernican hypothesis and Galileo’s publications. If science does not support the Bible, it should not be taught. Galileo’s best-selling dialogue on his two major world systems was banned in 1633. He abandoned his heliocentric theory and was sentenced to life imprisonment on his house arrest.
Pope John Paul II pardoned Galileo after a commission was established to review the decision four hundred years after Galileo’s death.
Newton and Religion
Newton identified as a devout Catholic. Newton chose against becoming a priest after arriving to the conclusion that the Holy Trinity could not exist since Jesus was not equal to God. He had such a strong faith in the Bible that breaking it was equivalent to moving away from Cambridge.
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Newton-based his studies on the Bible because he did not think that religion and science were incompatible. Because he aimed to merge science and writing, he was attacked by society and the church for writing the Principia while studying astronomy, could not stand the criticism of his peers, and soon turned to other work.
Instead of focusing on astronomy, where he devised the reflecting telescope, Newton turned to alchemy and became well-known for his work in creating the scientific method and its equations of gravity.
Summary
Both in its beliefs and practices, astrology can be considered religious. The theoretical, practical, and social aspects of astrology are tracked using standard definitions of religion. The Western foundations of astrology go back to Plato’s story of Timaeus’ creation. From the perspective of leading astrologer, astrology represents the Greek concept of the connected universe, showing the connection between the larger divine universe (macrocosm) and the more miniature human world (microcosm). Astrology is practiced as a natural religion due to its perceptual, conceptual, symbolic, and physical ties with nature. They are monitoring the Sun, Moon, and planetary movements. Astrological rituals include things like ceremonial participation in the natural world’s cycles and seeing the environment as sacred. The organizational structure of astrology is unstructured, lacks coherent theories, and has few obvious institutional links from a sociological perspective.
Although astrology has been recognized as a science throughout its history, it is now widely seen as opposed to the insights and views of modern Western science.
